目前CentOS/Red Hat (RHEL) 6.2官方自带的mysql版本为5.1，mysql5.5已经出来了。

相比mysql5.1,mysql5.5不仅在多个方面进行了改进：

 

• 性能上有了很大提升
• 默认存储引擎更改为InnoDB
• CPU多核处理性能提升
• 复制功能加强，新增半同步复制
• 增强表分区功能
• 等等

本文将指导你如何在CentOS/Red Hat (RHEL) 6.2及Fedora 17/16下安装最新版本的社区版本mysql。

如果您要升级mysql,请先备份好你的数据及配置文件再行升级。

 

让我们开始动手吧。

 

step1. 切换到root用户

su -
## OR ##
sudo -i

step2. 安装remi软件源

 

Fedora平台

 

## Remi Dependency on Fedora 17, 16, 15
rpm -Uvh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-stable.noarch.rpm
rpm -Uvh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/nonfree/fedora/rpmfusion-nonfree-release-stable.noarch.rpm

## Fedora 17 ##
rpm -Uvh http://rpms.famillecollet.com/remi-release-17.rpm

## Fedora 16 ##
rpm -Uvh http://rpms.famillecollet.com/remi-release-16.rpm

## Fedora 15 ##
rpm -Uvh http://rpms.famillecollet.com/remi-release-15.rpm

## Fedora 14 ##
rpm -Uvh http://rpms.famillecollet.com/remi-release-14.rpm

## Fedora 13 ##
rpm -Uvh http://rpms.famillecollet.com/remi-release-13.rpm

## Fedora 12 ##
rpm -Uvh http://rpms.famillecollet.com/remi-release-12.rpm

 

CentOS及Red Hat (RHEL)平台 

## Remi Dependency on CentOS 6 and Red Hat (RHEL) 6 ##
rpm -Uvh http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-7.noarch.rpm

## CentOS 6 and Red Hat (RHEL) 6 ##
rpm -Uvh http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-6.rpm

## Remi Dependency on CentOS 5 and Red Hat (RHEL) 5 ##
rpm -Uvh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/5/i386/epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm

## CentOS 5 and Red Hat (RHEL) 5 ##
rpm -Uvh http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-5.rpm

 

step3. 查看MySQL版本号

 

Fedora 17, 16, 15, 14, 13, 12

yum --enablerepo=remi list mysql mysql-server

CentOS 6.2/6.1/6/5.8 and Red Hat (RHEL) 6.2/6.1/6/5.8

yum --enablerepo=remi,remi-test list mysql mysql-server

输出:

Loaded plugins: changelog, fastestmirror, presto, refresh-packagekit
...
remi                                                            | 3.0 kB     00:00
remi/primary_db                                                 | 106 kB     00:00
Available Packages
mysql.i686                               5.5.25-1.fc14.remi                        @remi
mysql-server.i686                        5.5.25-1.fc14.remi

 

step4. 安装或升级到MySQL5.5.25

Fedora 17, 16, 15, 14, 13, 12

yum --enablerepo=remi install mysql mysql-server

CentOS 6.2/6.1/6/5.8 and Red Hat (RHEL) 6.2/6.1/6/5.8

yum --enablerepo=remi,remi-test install mysql mysql-server

step5. 开启mysql服务并配置自启动

Fedora 17/16

systemctl start mysqld.service
systemctl enable mysqld.service

Fedora 15/14/13/12/11, CentOS 6.2/6.1/6/5.8 and Red Hat (RHEL) 6.2/6.1/6/5.8

/etc/init.d/mysqld start
## OR ##
service mysqld start
chkconfig --levels 235 mysqld on

 

step6. MySQL 安全设置

• 设置（修改）root密码
• 删除匿名用户
• 禁用root远程登录
• 删除测试数据库test
• 重载权限表

要启用MySQL 安全设置请输入以下命令

/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

 

输出

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!


In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we\'ll need the current
password for the root user.  If you\'ve just installed MySQL, and
you haven\'t set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] Y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!


By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y
 ... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y
 ... Success!

By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y
 ... Success!

Cleaning up...



All done!  If you\'ve completed all of the above steps, your MySQL
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MySQL!

 

【注】：如果您不想启动MySQL 安全设置命令，但至少也得修改一下root用户密码

 

mysqladmin -u root password [your_password_here]
## 示例##
mysqladmin -u root password myownsecrectpass

step7. 使用密码连接本地数据库

mysql -u root -p
## OR ##
mysql -h localhost -u root -p

step8. 为指定数据库，指定用户配置指定客户端（IP）远程访问

本示例的配置参数如下

DB_NAME = webdb
USER_NAME = webdb_user
REMOTE_IP = 10.0.15.25
PASSWORD = password123
PERMISSIONS = ALL

1. 创建数据库 webdb

mysql> CREATE DATABASE webdb;

 

2. 创建用户webdb_user

mysql> CREATE USER 'webdb_user'@'10.0.15.25' IDENTIFIED BY 'password123';

 

3.  授权 

mysql> GRANT ALL ON webdb.* TO webdb_user@'10.0.15.25';

 

4.  重载权限表  

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

step9. 配置防火墙开启3306端口

1. 修改/etc/sysconfig/iptables 文件:

vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables

2. 在COMMIT之前加入以下内容:

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT

3. 重启Iptables:

service iptables restart
## OR ##
/etc/init.d/iptables restart

4. 在客户机上测试远程访问数据库:

mysql -h dbserver_name_or_ip_address -u webdb_user -p webdb

 

 

 

********************************************

* 作者：叶文涛 

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* 源文：

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